1. Gondolkodás, logika A1C2 (96) – altémák

1. Gondolkodás, értelem (53) 2. Ésszerűség, logika (43)

conclude verb /kənˈkluːd/ 1 (vmi alapján) következtet vmire [T]

The report concluded that the drug was safe.

contradict verb /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪkt/ 2 ellentmond vminek (nem lehet mindkét dolog igaz) [T]

His account of the accident contradicts the official government report.

deduce verb /dɪˈdjuːs/ [T] következtet

From the contents of his shopping basket, I deduced that he was single.

infer verb /ɪnˈfɜːr/ [T] (-rr-) (formal) következtet vmiből vmire, következtetést levon vmiből

I inferred from the number of cups that he was expecting visitors.

reconcile verb /ˈrek.ən.saɪl/ [T] összeegyeztet, összehangol (elveket, helyzeteket, stb.)

It is sometimes difficult to reconcile science and religion.

How can you reconcile your love of animals with your habit of eating them?

common sense noun /ˌkɒm.ənˈsents/ [U] józan ész

The children shouldn't be in any danger as long as they use their common sense.

conclusion noun /kənˈkluː.ʒən/ 1 (végső) következtetés [C]

At first I thought he was a bit rude but I've come to/reached the conclusion that he's just shy.

contradiction noun /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/ ellentmondás [C]

There is a clear contradiction between what she says and what she does.

deduction noun /dɪˈdʌk.ʃən/ [C or U] 2 következtetés, deduktív gondolkodás

I worked out the facts by a process of deduction.

logic noun /ˈlɒdʒ.ɪk/ [U] logika (ésszerű gondolkodás/tudomány)

I fail to see the logic behind his argument.

If prices go up, wages will go up too - that's just logic.

There's no logic in the decision to reduce staff when orders are the highest for years.

paradox noun /ˈpær.ə.dɒks/ [C] paradoxon

It's a curious paradox that drinking a lot of water can make you feel thirsty.

apparent adjective /əˈpær.ənt/ 1 nyilvánvaló

Her unhappiness was apparent to everyone.

It was becoming increasingly apparent that he could no longer look after himself.

Then, for no apparent reason, the train suddenly stopped.

brilliant adjective /ˈbrɪl.i.ənt/ 2 kiváló (elme, ötlet, stb.) (nagyon okos/intelligens)

a brilliant young scientist

circular adjective /ˈsɜː.kjə.lər/ 2 körben járó (érvelés, okoskodás)

a circular argument/theory

clear adjective /klɪər/ 4 világos, tiszta (biztos, nyilvánvaló)

Are you clear about how to get there?

It's clear that she's not interested.

I'm still not clear what I'm supposed to do.

clever adjective /ˈklev.ər/ 2 ügyes, ötletes (gondolat, eszköz, stb.)

a clever idea

I've got a clever little gadget for opening jars.

contradictory adjective /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪk.tər.i/ ellentmondó

The witness statements were contradictory.

evident adjective /ˈev.ɪ.dənt/ (formal) nyilvánvaló

The full extent of the damage only became evident the following morning.

From the smell it was evident that the drains had been blocked for several days.

imaginative adjective /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪn.ə.tɪv/ 1 ötletes (vmi)

an imaginative use of colour

irrational adjective /ɪˈræʃ.ən.əl/ irracionális, ésszerűtlen

irrational behaviour

an irrational fear of flying

logical adjective /ˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ ésszerű, logikus

a logical choice/conclusion

obvious adjective /ˈɒb.vi.əs/ nyilvánvaló

"How do you know she's not happy?" "It's obvious."

It's obvious (that) she doesn't like him.

There is no obvious solution.

They have a small child so for obvious reasons they need money.

I know you don't like her, but do you have to make it so obvious?

Am I just stating the obvious?

paradoxical adjective /ˌpær.əˈdɒk.sɪ.kəl/ paradox

a paradoxical position/situation

plain adjective /pleɪn/ 3 világos, egyértelmű

It's quite plain that she doesn't want to talk to me about it.

rational adjective /ˈræʃ.ən.əl/ értelmes, józan; ésszerű, racionális

He was too upset to be rational.

a rational argument/debate/explanation

realistic adjective /ˌrɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/ 2 józan, realista, reális

Let's be realistic - we're not going to finish this by Friday.

We have to be realistic about how much we can afford to pay.

It isn't realistic to expect people to work for so little money.

reasonable adjective /ˈriː.zən.ə.bl̩/ 4 méltányos, józan (döntés, elvárás, stb.)

It's not reasonable to expect people to work such long hours.

If you tell him what happened, I'm sure he'll understand - he's a reasonable man.

reasonable adjective /ˈriː.zən.ə.bl̩/ 5 elfogadható, ésszerű (pl. magyarázat)

There will be a reasonable explanation for all of this.

refined adjective /rɪˈfaɪnd/ 2 kifinomult (jól kifejlesztett) (terv, elmélet, módszer, rendszer, stb.)

a refined method

highly refined theories

sensible adjective /ˈsent.sə.bl̩/ józan, ésszerű (választás, megközelítés, stb.)

a sensible answer/approach/choice/option

a sensible person

I think the sensible thing to do is phone before you go and ask for directions.

It would be sensible to take an umbrella.

subtle adjective /ˈsʌt.l/ 3 ravasz (megoldás, terv, megközelítés, stb.)

a subtle way of solving the problem

clearly adverb /ˈklɪə.li/ 2 világosan, értelmesen

I'd had two hours' sleep and wasn't thinking clearly.

clearly adverb /ˈklɪə.li/ 3 nyilvánvalóan

The accident was clearly the lorry driver's fault.

Clearly, he's very talented.

evidently adverb /ˈev.ɪ.dənt.li/ (formal) nyilvánvalóan, szemmel láthatóan

He evidently likes her.

logically adverb /ˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kli/ ésszerűen, logikusan

Her ideas were clear and logically presented.

obviously adverb /ˈɒb.vi.ə.sli/ nyilvánvalóan

Obviously the school cannot function without teachers.

He was in tears and obviously very upset.

reasonably adverb /ˈriː.zən.ə.bli/ ésszerűen, méltányosan

Stop shouting and let's discuss this reasonably.

sensibly adverb /ˈsent.sə.bli/ józanul, ésszerűen

She behaved very sensibly about it.

They very sensibly decided to stay at home.

Phrases and idioms:

be/run counter to sth ellentétes vmivel

The new road plans run counter to the government's aim of reducing pollution.

consistent with sth megegyező vmivel (formal)

His account of events is entirely consistent with the video evidence.

conventional wisdom közfelfogás

As traffic grew, the conventional wisdom was to widen the roads.

draw a conclusion következtetést levon

I'd seen them together so often I drew the logical conclusion that they were husband and wife.

lead sb to a conclusion egy következtetésre vezet vkit

So you thought I was leaving, did you? What led you to that conclusion?

7. lecke (A1) – 18. lecke (A2) – 40. lecke (B1) – 67. lecke (B2) – 91. lecke (C1) – 111. lecke (C2)