3. Bírálat, mentegetőzés A1C2 (73) – altémák

1. Bírálat, felelősségre vonás (30) 2. Mentegetőzés, bocsánatkérés (26) 3. Szégyen, megbánás (17)

attack verb /əˈtæk/ 2 támad, megtámad vkit/vmit (erősen kritizál) [T]

She attacked the government's new education policy.

blame verb /bleɪm/ [T] hibáztat, okol vkit vmiért, ráhárítja vkire a felelősséget vmiért

Don't blame me if you miss the bus!

Many people blame him for Tony's death.

Hugh blames his lack of confidence on his mother.

You can't really blame Helen for not wanting to get involved.

condemn verb /kənˈdem/ [T] elítél vkit/vmit (pl. cselekedetet); vmire ítél vkit/vmit

The Prime Minister was quick to condemn the terrorists.

criticize verb /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.saɪz/ [I or T often passive] also UK: criticise bírál, kritizál

The government is being widely criticized in the press for failing to limit air pollution.

The film was criticized for being too violent.

disapprove verb /ˌdɪs.əˈpruːv/ [I] rosszall, helytelenít

The survey showed that 32% of respondents approve, 54% disapprove and the rest are undecided.

I strongly disapprove of under-age drinking.

pay verb /peɪ/ *(paid, paid) 3 ráfizet vmire; megfizet/meglakol vmiért (megbűnhődik) [I]

He's certainly paying for his mistakes.

reproach verb /rɪˈprəʊtʃ/ [T] szemrehányást tesz, hibáztat

You've no reason to reproach yourself.

accusation noun /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃən/ [C] vád, vádolás

He made a number of accusations against his former colleagues.

attack noun /əˈtæk/ [C or U] 3 támadás (erős kritika)

The magazine recently published a vicious personal attack on the novelist.

The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory.

blame noun /bleɪm/ [U] felelősség (vmi rossz miatt)

The manager should take the blame for the team's defeat.

They put the blame on faulty equipment.

His employers have accepted blame for the accident.

criticism noun /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/ [C or U] bírálat, kritika

The designs for the new building have attracted widespread criticism.

disapproval noun /ˌdɪs.əˈpruː.vəl/ [U] rosszallás

I could sense their disapproval.

reproach noun /rɪˈprəʊtʃ/ [C or U] szemrehányás

There was a hint of reproach in his voice.

The article gave the impression that the teachers were above/beyond reproach.

trouble noun /ˈtrʌb.l̩/ 2 gond, baj (büntetéssel fenyegető helyzet) [U]

Her children are always in trouble.

They got into trouble with the police.

He's never been in trouble with his teachers before.

She'll be in big trouble if she's late again.

It's a great way of getting kids off the street and keeping them out of trouble.

accountable adjective /əˈkaʊn.tə.bl̩/ [never before noun] elszámoltatható, felelősséggel tartozó/felelősségre vonható

Hospitals must be held accountable for their mistakes.

Politicians should be accountable to the public that elects them.

critical adjective /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl/ 1 kritizáló, kritikus/bíráló hangvételű

a critical report

The report is highly critical of safety standards at the factory.

Phrasal verbs:

frown on/upon sth /fraʊn/ helytelenít, elítél vmit/vkit

Smoking is frowned upon in many public places.

hold sth against sb /həʊld/ neheztel vkire vmiért, felró vmit vkinek, szemére hány vkinek

It was his mistake but I won't hold it against him.

tear apart ↔ sth /teər/ 2 szétszed/darabokra szed vmit (átv.) (erősen kritizál vmit)

His ideas were torn apart at the meeting.

tell off ↔ sb /tel/ megszid vkit

The teacher told me off for swearing.

Phrases and idioms:

at fault hibás vmiért

I was at fault and I would like to apologize.

be responsible for sth/doing sth felelős vmiért (okozója vminek)

Who was responsible for the accident?

be to blame hibás vmiben, oka vminek

Poor housing is to blame for many of their health problems.

come under fire erősen támadják (hevesen kritizálják)

The government has come under fire for closing the hospital.

find fault with sb/sth hibát talál vkiben/vmiben

She was always finding fault with our work.

give sb the benefit of the doubt elhiszi/elfogadja amit mond vki

She says her train was late, so I suppose we'd better give her the benefit of the doubt.

I don't blame him/them/you, etc. nem teszek szemrehányást neki/nekik/neked/stb.

"I think I'll go home early." "I don't blame you - you look really tired."

rub it in felhánytorgat vmit vkinek (informal)

I know your exam results were better than mine - there's no need to rub it in.

sb's fault hibája vkinek

She believes it was the doctor's fault that Peter died.

It's not my fault she didn't come!

turn a blind eye (to sth) szemet huny vmi fölött; úgy tesz, mintha nem venne észre vmit

Restaurant staff often took food home, and their boss turned a blind eye.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Felelősség tisztázása – Bocsánatkérés, megbocsájtás

8. lecke (A1) – 20. lecke (A2) – 46. lecke (B1) – 75. lecke (B2) – 95. lecke (C1) – 115. lecke (C2)