3. Bírálat, mentegetőzés B1B2 (31) – altémák

Bírálat, mentegetőzés* (31)

apologise verb /əˈpɒl.ə.dʒaɪz/ [I] bocsánatot kér

I must apologise to Isobel for my behaviour.

Trains may be subject to delay - we apologise for any inconvenience caused.

She apologised for having to leave early.

blame verb /bleɪm/ [T] hibáztat, okol vkit vmiért, ráhárítja vkire a felelősséget vmiért

Don't blame me if you miss the bus!

Many people blame him for Tony's death.

Hugh blames his lack of confidence on his mother.

You can't really blame Helen for not wanting to get involved.

criticize verb /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.saɪz/ [I or T often passive] also UK: criticise bírál, kritizál

The government is being widely criticized in the press for failing to limit air pollution.

The film was criticized for being too violent.

deny verb /dɪˈnaɪ/ [T] 1 tagad vmit

Neil denies that he broke the window, but I'm sure he did.

Neil denies breaking the window.

disapprove verb /ˌdɪs.əˈpruːv/ [I] rosszall, helytelenít

The survey showed that 32% of respondents approve, 54% disapprove and the rest are undecided.

I strongly disapprove of under-age drinking.

excuse verb /ɪkˈskjuːz/ [T] 1 megbocsát

Please excuse me for arriving late - the bus was delayed.

Please excuse my appearance - I've been painting.

excuse verb /ɪkˈskjuːz/ [T] 2 mentesít vkit vmi alól; magyarázkodik, mentegetőzik

Nothing can excuse that sort of behaviour.

forgive verb /fəˈgɪv/ [I or T] *(forgave, forgiven) megbocsát vmit vkinek

She never forgave her mother for lying to her.

He had betrayed her and she never forgave him.

I'd never forgive myself if anything happened to the kids.

regret verb /rɪˈgret/ [T] (-tt-) 1 megbán vmit

If you don't tell her the truth you'll regret it later.

I really regret leaving school so young.

He began to regret that he hadn't paid more attention in class.

Is there anything you've done in your life that you regret?

apology noun /əˈpɒl.ə.dʒi/ [C or U] bocsánatkérés

I have an apology to make to you - I'm afraid I opened your letter by mistake.

I owe you an apology, Chris.

"Was he at all sorry for what he'd done?" "Oh he was full of apologies."

blame noun /bleɪm/ [U] felelősség (vmi rossz miatt)

The manager should take the blame for the team's defeat.

They put the blame on faulty equipment.

His employers have accepted blame for the accident.

criticism noun /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/ [C or U] bírálat, kritika

The designs for the new building have attracted widespread criticism.

disgrace noun /dɪsˈgreɪs/ szégyen [U]

They were sent home in disgrace.

He brought disgrace on the whole team.

excuse noun /ɪkˈskjuːs/ [C] 1 mentség

What was his excuse for being late?

He'd better have a good excuse for not being here!

I've never known him to miss a meeting - I'm sure he'll have an excuse.

There's no excuse for that sort of behaviour.

excuse noun /ɪkˈskjuːs/ [C] 2 kifogás

Nick was just looking for an excuse to call her.

Any excuse for a holiday!

guilt noun /gɪlt/ [U] 1 bűntudat

He suffered such feelings of guilt over leaving his children.

regret noun /rɪˈgret/ [C or U] megbánás; sajnálat

I left school at 16, but I've had a great life and I have no regrets.

My only regret is that we didn't invite James.

The manager expressed regret at the number of staff reductions.

It is with deep/great regret that I announce Steve Adam's resignation.

trouble noun /ˈtrʌb.l̩/ 2 gond, baj (büntetéssel fenyegető helyzet) [U]

Her children are always in trouble.

They got into trouble with the police.

He's never been in trouble with his teachers before.

She'll be in big trouble if she's late again.

It's a great way of getting kids off the street and keeping them out of trouble.

ashamed adjective /əˈʃeɪmd/ [never before noun] szégyenkező, szégyenlős

You've got nothing to be ashamed of.

She ought to be ashamed of herself - talking to her mother like that!

He was ashamed to admit to his mistake.

I was ashamed that I'd made so little effort.

I felt so ashamed of myself for making such a fuss.

critical adjective /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl/ 1 kritizáló, kritikus/bíráló hangvételű

a critical report

The report is highly critical of safety standards at the factory.

guilty adjective /ˈgɪl.ti/ 1 bűnös, vétkes (érzés), bűntudata/lelkiismeret-furdalása van

She was so upset about what I'd said and I felt so guilty.

I felt guilty about leaving her there on her own.

I've got a guilty conscience.

Phrasal verbs:

tell off ↔ sb /tel/ megszid vkit

The teacher told me off for swearing.

Phrases and idioms:

accept responsibility/blame felelősséget/vétkességet elfogad/elismer

I accept full responsibility for the failure of the plan.

at fault hibás vmiért

I was at fault and I would like to apologize.

be ashamed of sb szégyenkezik vki miatt

My brother was so rude to Jane - I was ashamed of him.

be responsible for sth/doing sth felelős vmiért (okozója vminek)

Who was responsible for the accident?

feel bad about sth/doing sth bántja vmi, sajnál vmit

I felt bad about letting her down.

justify yourself igazolja magát (megokolja cselekedeteit, magyarázkodik)

It was the only thing that I could do - I don't have to justify myself to anyone.

owe sb an apology/explanation/favour, etc. tartozik egy bocsánatkéréssel/magyarázattal/szívességgel/stb. vkinek

I think you owe me an explanation/apology.

sb's fault hibája vkinek

She believes it was the doctor's fault that Peter died.

It's not my fault she didn't come!

take/accept/claim responsibility for sth vállalja a felelősséget vmiért

No one has yet claimed responsibility for yesterday's bomb attack.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Felelősség tisztázása – Bocsánatkérés, megbocsájtás

8. lecke (A1) – 20. lecke (A2) – 46. lecke (B1) – 75. lecke (B2) – 95. lecke (C1) – 115. lecke (C2)