6. Bizonyosság, kétség C1C2 (56) – altémák

1. Bizonyosság (28) 2. Kétség, zavar, bizonytalanság (28)

reinforce verb /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːs/ [T] 1 megerősít (átv.) (véleményt, érzést, elképzelést, stb.)

His behaviour merely reinforced my dislike of him.

swear verb /sweər/ *(swore, sworn) 3 megesküszik vmire (biztos vmiben) [T]

I could have sworn that she said she lived in Canterbury.

verify verb /ˈver.ɪ.faɪ/ [T] igazol (állítást, gyanút, stb.); ellenőriz

It was impossible to verify her statement.

certainty noun /ˈsɜː.tən.ti/ 2 biztos, holtbiztos (dolog) [C]

There are no absolute certainties in life.

conviction noun /kənˈvɪk.ʃən/ [C or U] 2 meggyőződés (vmiben); hit (vallásos)

religious/moral convictions

a deep/strong conviction

reliability noun /rɪˌlaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ [U] megbízhatóság

The reliability of these results has been questioned.

concrete adjective /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/ 1 konkrét (biztos/tényeken alapuló)

They think she killed her husband, but they have no concrete evidence/proof.

We've got a general idea of what we want, but nothing concrete at the moment.

convincing adjective /kənˈvɪn.sɪŋ/ meggyőző

a convincing argument/explanation

I didn't find the ending of the film very convincing.

distinct adjective /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ 2 határozott (egyértelmű, biztos)

There's been a distinct improvement in your work.

indisputable adjective /ˌɪn.dɪˈspjuː.tə.bl̩/ vitathatatlan

an indisputable fact

solid adjective /ˈsɒl.ɪd/ 4 szilárd, megbízható, megalapozott

This provided solid evidence that he committed the crime.

The drama course gives students a solid grounding in the basic techniques of acting.

undeniable adjective /ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.ə.bl̩/ tagadhatatlan

an undeniable fact

undoubted adjective /ʌnˈdaʊt.ɪd/ [always before noun] vitathatatlan (siker, képesség, tehetség, stb.)

The project was an undoubted success.

her undoubted ability/talent

conclusively adverb /kənˈkluː.sɪv.li/ egyértelműen

It is possible to prove conclusively that he was at home at the time.

specifically adverb /spəˈsɪf.ɪ.kli/ 2 kimondottan (kifejezetten/egyértelműen/részletesen)

I specifically told them that she doesn't eat meat.

The law specifically prohibits acts of this kind.

undeniably adverb /ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.ə.bli/ tagadhatatlanul

He is undeniably the best student we have ever had.

unquestionably adverb /ʌnˈkwes.tʃən.ə.bli/ kétségtelenül

She is unquestionably the best person for the job.

Phrasal verbs:

check out ↔ sth /tʃek/ 1 leellenőriz vmit (informal)

We'll need to check out his story.

Phrases and idioms:

a safe bet biztos tipp

Wheeler is a safe bet for a place on the team.

a sure thing biztos dolog

Death is the one sure thing about life.

be sure to do sth biztosan, biztos (, hogy) (megtesz vmit)

He's sure to go back there again.

beyond dispute vitán felüli, vitathatatlan

Her skill is beyond dispute.

He is beyond dispute the finest actor in Hollywood today.

beyond/without a/the shadow of a doubt kétség sem férhet hozzá (teljesen biztos)

He stole the money, without a shadow of a doubt.

have (got) to do/be sth kell (hogy ...) (bizonyosság, meggyőződés kifejezése)

Interest rates have to come down at some point.

There's (=there has) got to be a better way of doing this.

have no hesitation in doing sth nem habozik (vmit megtenni), habozás nélkül megtesz vmit

He had no hesitation in signing for the team.

in no uncertain terms félreérthetetlen módon/formában

I told him to go away in no uncertain terms.

know/say for certain bizonyosan tud/mond vmit (nincs kétsége)

We don't know for certain whether she's coming.

no doubt nem kétséges (, hogy)

No doubt she'll spend the money on new clothes.

Kommunikációs szándékok: A bizonyosság fokainak kifejezése

7. lecke (A1) – 18. lecke (A2) – 40. lecke (B1) – 67. lecke (B2) – 91. lecke (C1) – 111. lecke (C2)