5. Időjárás, klíma A1B1 (45) – altémák

Időjárás, klíma* (45)

blow verb /bləʊ/ *(blew, blown) 1 fúj (szél) [I]

The wind was blowing harder every minute.

freeze verb /friːz/ *(froze, frozen) 1 fagy, megfagy, befagy; fagyaszt, megfagyaszt, befagyaszt [I or T]

Water freezes at a temperature of 0°C.

The ground had frozen hard/solid.

When the lake freezes (over), we can go skating on it.

pour verb /pɔːr/ 2 ömlik; zuhog (eső) [I]

We can't go out in this weather - it's pouring!

snow verb /snəʊ/ [I] havazik, esik a hó

It's snowing.

It's starting to snow.

It had snowed overnight and a thick white layer covered the ground.

breeze noun /briːz/ [C] szellő

a cool breeze

She let the gentle breeze cool her face.

climate noun /ˈklaɪ.mɪt/ 1 éghajlat, klíma [C or U]

a hot/dry/cold/wet climate

They wanted to move to a warmer climate.

cloud noun /klaʊd/ 1 felhő (az égen) [C or U]

Do you think those are rain clouds on the horizon?

The sky was a perfect blue - not a cloud in sight.

Dark clouds massed on the horizon.

fog noun /fɒg/ [C or U] köd

Thick/Heavy fog has made driving conditions dangerous.

It took several hours for the fog to clear/lift.

heat noun /hiːt/ [U] hő, hőség, meleg; hőfok

the heat of the sun/fire

How do you manage to work in this heat without air conditioning?

She always wore a coat, even in the heat of summer.

Cook the meat on a high/low heat.

lightning noun /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ [U] villám, villámlás

thunder and lightning

a flash of lightning

That tree was struck by lightning.

She changed her clothes with lightning speed.

rain noun /reɪn/ [U] eső

heavy/light rain

We had to walk home in the rain.

Rain is forecast for tomorrow.

We got caught in pouring/torrential rain.

shower noun /ʃaʊər/ [C] 3 zápor

You're soaked! Did you get caught in the shower?

There will be thundery/wintry showers over many parts of the country.

snow noun /snəʊ/ [U] hó

Outside the snow began to fall.

Let's go and play in the snow!

A blanket of snow lay on the ground.

Her hair was jet-black, her lips ruby-red and her skin as white as snow.

storm noun /stɔːm/ [C] vihar

A lot of trees were blown down in the recent storms.

They're still clearing up the storm damage.

thunder noun /ˈθʌn.dər/ [U] mennydörgés

thunder and lightning

thunderstorm noun /ˈθʌn.dəˌstɔːm/ [C] zivatar

We sheltered in the barn during the thunderstorm.

weather noun /ˈweð.ər/ [U] idő, időjárás

bad/good/cold/dry/hot/stormy/warm/wet weather

The weather in the hills can change very quickly, so take suitable clothing.

We're going to have a picnic, weather permitting.

weather forecast noun /ˈweð.əˌfɔːr.kɑːst/ [C] időjárás-előrejelzés, időjárás-jelentés

Have you heard the weather forecast for tomorrow?

wind noun /wɪnd/ [C or U] szél

There isn't enough wind to fly a kite.

The weather forecast warned of strong/high winds and rain for today.

There was a light/gentle wind blowing.

There wasn't a breath of wind.

The wind is beginning to pick up.

zero number /ˈzɪə.rəʊ/ plural: zeros or zeroes 2 nulla fok, fagypont

The temperature is expected to drop to ten degrees below zero tonight.

calm adjective /kɑːm/ 2 sima, nyugodt, csendes (időjárás, tenger, tó)

calm seas

The weather was calmer the next morning so we set sail.

There was no rain that day and the sea was calm.

clear adjective /klɪər/ 3 világos, tiszta (nem felhős)

clear blue skies

cloudy adjective /ˈklaʊd.i/ felhős (égbolt)

This morning was lovely but it's quite cloudy out there now.

cold adjective /kəʊld/ 1 hideg (hőmérséklet)

cold weather

a cold day

cold food/water

cold hands

My feet are so cold.

It's freezing cold today.

cool adjective /kuːl/ 2 hűvös, hűsítő

cool water

a nice cool breeze

dry adjective /draɪ/ (drier, driest or dryer, dryest) 2 száraz (nincs eső)

a dry summer

fine adjective /faɪn/ 3 jó/szép idő

If it's fine tomorrow, we could have a picnic.

foggy adjective /ˈfɒg.i/ ködös

a foggy day

freezing adjective /ˈfriː.zɪŋ/ dermesztő hideg

It's absolutely freezing in here - can I close the window?

They survived for four hours in the freezing water.

After walking through the snow, my feet were freezing.

fresh adjective /freʃ/ 3 friss, üde, üdítő (pl. levegő, illat, stb.)

a fresh smell/breeze

frozen adjective /ˈfrəʊ.zən/ 2 befagyott (víz)

They skated over the frozen lake.

hot adjective /hɒt/ (hotter, hottest) 1 forró

a hot sunny day

hot weather

a hot drink/meal

It's too hot in here, can we turn down the heating?

Bake the cake in a hot oven, about 220°C, for 30 minutes.

humid adjective /ˈhjuː.mɪd/ nyirkos, párás (pl. levegő, időjárás)

It's very humid today.

icy adjective /ˈaɪ.si/ 1 jeges (jéggel borított)

icy roads

icy adjective /ˈaɪ.si/ 2 jeges (nagyon hideg) (időjárás, szél, stb.)

an icy wind

mild adjective /maɪld/ 1 enyhe (időjárás)

We've had a mild winter this year.

rainy adjective /ˈreɪn.i/ esős

a rainy afternoon

sunny adjective /ˈsʌn.i/ napos, napfényes

We're having the party in the garden, so I'm praying it'll be sunny.

It was a lovely sunny day.

warm adjective /wɔːm/ 1 meleg (hőmérséklet)

Are you warm enough or do you want the fire on?

I've got my hands in my pockets to keep them warm.

wet adjective /wet/ (wetter, wettest) 2 esős, nyirkos (időjárás)

We've had wet weather all week.

This is the first wet day for two months.

The presentation will take place indoors if it's wet.

windy adjective /ˈwɪn.di/ szeles (időjárás)

It was a windy night.

It was wet and windy for most of the week.

Phrasal verbs:

blow away ↔ (sth) /bləʊ/ elfúj vmit (elhord, elvisz) (a szél)

The letter blew away and I had to run after it.

The wind blew the balloon away and we watched it disappear.

blow down ↔ (sth) /bləʊ/ ledönt, kidönt, lever (a szél)

Two huge trees had blown down in the storm.

The wind blew our fence down last night.

Phrases and idioms:

it rains/it is raining esik (az eső)

It's starting to rain.

It rained hard/heavily all night.

It was raining all weekend.

the cold hideg (időjárás, hőmérséklet)

Don't stand out there in the cold - come in!

5. lecke (A1) – 16. lecke (A2) – 34. lecke (B1) – 61. lecke (B2) – 88. lecke (C1) – 107. lecke (C2)