5. Időjárás, klíma B1B2 (42) – altémák

Időjárás, klíma* (42)

blow verb /bləʊ/ *(blew, blown) 1 fúj (szél) [I]

The wind was blowing harder every minute.

freeze verb /friːz/ *(froze, frozen) 1 fagy, megfagy, befagy; fagyaszt, megfagyaszt, befagyaszt [I or T]

Water freezes at a temperature of 0°C.

The ground had frozen hard/solid.

When the lake freezes (over), we can go skating on it.

pour verb /pɔːr/ 2 ömlik; zuhog (eső) [I]

We can't go out in this weather - it's pouring!

breeze noun /briːz/ [C] szellő

a cool breeze

She let the gentle breeze cool her face.

climate noun /ˈklaɪ.mɪt/ 1 éghajlat, klíma [C or U]

a hot/dry/cold/wet climate

They wanted to move to a warmer climate.

climate change noun /ˈklaɪ.mɪtˌtʃeɪndʒ/ [U] klímaváltozás (a Föld klímaváltozása)

Climate change is the greatest environmental challenge facing the world today.

frost noun /frɒst/ [C or U] fagy; dér, zúzmara

When I woke up this morning the ground was covered with frost.

There was a frost last night.

There were a lot of hard frosts that winter.

global warming noun /ˌgləʊ.bəlˈwɔːr.mɪŋ/ [U] globális felmelegedés

Very few people now deny that global warming is caused by CO2 emissions.

heat noun /hiːt/ [U] hő, hőség, meleg; hőfok

the heat of the sun/fire

How do you manage to work in this heat without air conditioning?

She always wore a coat, even in the heat of summer.

Cook the meat on a high/low heat.

lightning noun /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ [U] villám, villámlás

thunder and lightning

a flash of lightning

That tree was struck by lightning.

She changed her clothes with lightning speed.

mist noun /mɪst/ [C or U] köd, pára

The early-morning mist soon lifted/cleared.

The mountain villages seem to be permanently covered in mist.

rainbow noun /ˈreɪn.bəʊ/ [C] szivárvány

all the colours of the rainbow

We could see a rainbow.

shower noun /ʃaʊər/ [C] 3 zápor

You're soaked! Did you get caught in the shower?

There will be thundery/wintry showers over many parts of the country.

thunder noun /ˈθʌn.dər/ [U] mennydörgés

thunder and lightning

tornado noun /tɔːˈneɪd.əʊ/ [C] plural: tornados or tornadoes forgószél, tornádó

A tornado had swept through the north of the state, causing terrible destruction.

warmth noun /wɔːmθ/ [U] 1 melegség (napé, tűzé, stb.)

I've put a T-shirt on under my sweater for extra warmth.

weather forecast noun /ˈweð.əˌfɔːr.kɑːst/ [C] időjárás-előrejelzés, időjárás-jelentés

Have you heard the weather forecast for tomorrow?

zero number /ˈzɪə.rəʊ/ plural: zeros or zeroes 2 nulla fok, fagypont

The temperature is expected to drop to ten degrees below zero tonight.

bitter adjective /ˈbɪt.ər/ 5 kegyetlen hideg, metsző (pl. szél)

a bitter wind

boiling adjective /ˈbɔɪ.lɪŋ/ (informal) forró (hőség/forróság van vhol) (szobában, odakint, stb.)

It's boiling in this room!

It's boiling hot outside.

calm adjective /kɑːm/ 2 sima, nyugodt, csendes (időjárás, tenger, tó)

calm seas

The weather was calmer the next morning so we set sail.

There was no rain that day and the sea was calm.

clear adjective /klɪər/ 3 világos, tiszta (nem felhős)

clear blue skies

cool adjective /kuːl/ 2 hűvös, hűsítő

cool water

a nice cool breeze

fierce adjective /fɪəs/ 2 heves, vad (erős, hatalmas) (vihar, tűzvész, stb.)

a fierce wind

The government's policies came under fierce attack.

Fire fighters had to retreat from the fierce heat.

fine adjective /faɪn/ 3 jó/szép idő

If it's fine tomorrow, we could have a picnic.

freezing adjective /ˈfriː.zɪŋ/ dermesztő hideg

It's absolutely freezing in here - can I close the window?

They survived for four hours in the freezing water.

After walking through the snow, my feet were freezing.

fresh adjective /freʃ/ 3 friss, üde, üdítő (pl. levegő, illat, stb.)

a fresh smell/breeze

frozen adjective /ˈfrəʊ.zən/ 2 befagyott (víz)

They skated over the frozen lake.

grey adjective /greɪ/ 2 szürke, borús (idő)

a cold, grey morning

humid adjective /ˈhjuː.mɪd/ nyirkos, párás (pl. levegő, időjárás)

It's very humid today.

icy adjective /ˈaɪ.si/ 1 jeges (jéggel borított)

icy roads

icy adjective /ˈaɪ.si/ 2 jeges (nagyon hideg) (időjárás, szél, stb.)

an icy wind

mild adjective /maɪld/ 1 enyhe (időjárás)

We've had a mild winter this year.

misty adjective /ˈmɪs.ti/ ködös, párás

a cold and misty morning

rainy adjective /ˈreɪn.i/ esős

a rainy afternoon

rough adjective /rʌf/ 3 durva, viharos (időjárás, tenger)

The boat sank in rough seas off the Swedish coast.

stormy adjective /ˈstɔː.mi/ 1 viharos (időjárás)

a stormy night

stormy seas

tropical adjective /ˈtrɒp.ɪ.kəl/ trópusi, forró égövi

a tropical island/region/climate

a tropical storm

She specialises in tropical medicine.

The Amazon river basin contains the world's largest tropical rainforest.

Phrasal verbs:

blow away ↔ (sth) /bləʊ/ elfúj vmit (elhord, elvisz) (a szél)

The letter blew away and I had to run after it.

The wind blew the balloon away and we watched it disappear.

blow down ↔ (sth) /bləʊ/ ledönt, kidönt, lever (a szél)

Two huge trees had blown down in the storm.

The wind blew our fence down last night.

clear up /klɪər/ kitisztul (az idő)

I hope the weather clears up before this afternoon.

Phrases and idioms:

the cold hideg (időjárás, hőmérséklet)

Don't stand out there in the cold - come in!

5. lecke (A1) – 16. lecke (A2) – 34. lecke (B1) – 61. lecke (B2) – 88. lecke (C1) – 107. lecke (C2)