4. Támogatás, akadályozás C1C2 (38) – altémák

1. Támogatás, segítség (21) 2. Akadályozás, korlátozás (17)

block verb /blɒk/ [T] 3 gátol, akadályoz (pl. folyamatot, fejlődést, haladást)

The council has blocked plans for a new supermarket.

constrain verb /kənˈstreɪn/ [T] korlátoz

regulations that constrain industry

I'm constrained by decisions made in the past.

hinder verb /ˈhɪn.dər/ [T] hátráltat, akadályoz

His performance at the Olympics was hindered by a knee injury.

interfere verb /ˌɪnt.əˈfɪər/ [I] 2 megzavar vmit (hátráltat vmit)

I try not to let my dancing classes interfere with my performance at school.

She never allows her personal feelings to interfere with her work.

restrain verb /rɪˈstreɪn/ [T] féken tart vkit/vmit; visszatart vmitől

He became violent and had to be physically restrained.

I had to restrain myself from shouting at him.

restrict verb /rɪˈstrɪkt/ [T] korlátoz vmit

They've brought in new laws to restrict the sale of cigarettes.

The government has restricted freedom of movement into and out of the country.

I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day.

constraint noun /kənˈstreɪnt/ [C] korlátozó tényező, megszorítás

budget/financial constraints

There are constraints on the medicines doctors can prescribe.

disruption noun /ˌdɪsˈrʌp.ʃən/ [C or U] zavar (a működésében vminek)

a disruption of services

limitation noun /ˌlɪm.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ korlátozás (szabályé, helyzeté) [C or U]

You can't write everything you want because of space limitations.

obstacle noun /ˈɒb.stə.kəl/ [C] akadály (átv. is) (úton/vminek az elérésében)

to overcome an obstacle

His refusal to talk is the main obstacle to peace.

restriction noun /rɪˈstrɪk.ʃən/ [C or U] 1 korlátozás (helyzet/esemény) (akadályoztatás)

For the first time, I could do exactly what I wanted, without any restrictions.

setback noun /ˈset.bæk/ [C] akadály, hátráltatás

The project has suffered a series of setbacks this year.

restricted adjective /rɪˈstrɪk.tɪd/ korlátozott (hely, választék, hozzáférés, stb.)

They do good food but the choice is fairly restricted.

Phrasal verbs:

hold sb/sth back /həʊld/ 2 hátráltat/gátol vkit/vmit (fejlődésben, előrehaladásban, stb.)

She felt that having children would hold her back.

keep sb/sth from doing sth /kiːp/ gátol/meggátol/megakadályoz vkit/vmit vmiben

Try to keep the children from throwing food all over the floor.

set back ↔ sb/sth /set/ hátráltat; visszavet

These delays have set back the publication date by a month.

Another failed harvest would really set these farmers back.

Phrases and idioms:

rock the boat bonyodalmat okoz

They seemed very happy and I didn't want to rock the boat.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Segítség felajánlása

8. lecke (A1) – 20. lecke (A2) – 45. lecke (B1) – 73. lecke (B2) – 94. lecke (C1) – 114. lecke (C2)