1. Gazdaság, vállalatok A1C2 (85) – altémák

1. Vállalat, vállalkozás (31) 2. Gazdaság, pénzügy (25) 3. Nyereség, veszteség (29)

close verb /kləʊz/ 3 bezár, becsuk (nem működik tovább) [I or T]

The factory closed over ten years ago.

A lot of restaurants/shops are closing because they can't afford to pay the rent.

crash verb /kræʃ/ 3 összeomlik (üzleti vállalkozás); leesik (pénz/részvény értéke) [I]

They lost all their savings when the market crashed.

lose verb /luːz/ *(lost, lost) 6 veszít (anyagilag)

He lost a lot of money on the house sale.

Her company lost over £2 million last year.

strain verb /streɪn/ 2 megterhel, túlterhel (átv.) (pl. költségvetést); próbára tesz [T]

The war is straining the defence budget.

closure noun /ˈkləʊ.ʒər/ végleges bezárás (vállalat, iskola stb.)

factory closures

The company announced the closure of its Paris office.

collapse noun /kəˈlæps/ [C or U] összeomlás (rendszeré, szervezeté, üzleté, stb.)

A poor economy has caused the collapse of thousands of small businesses.

Negotiations between the two countries are on the brink/verge of collapse.

He suffered a mental collapse after ten years' teaching.

cost noun /kɒst/ 1 költség, ár (pénzbeni ráfordítás) [C or U]

The cost of building materials has risen.

The cruise ship was built at a cost of $400 million.

Software is included at no extra cost.

The supermarket chain announced that it was cutting the cost of all its fresh and frozen meat.

The cost of living has gone up.

crash noun /kræʃ/ [C] 3 (pénzügyi/gazdasági) összeomlás

He lost a lot of money in the stock market crash of 1929.

crisis noun /ˈkraɪ.sɪs/ [C or U] plural: crises válság, krízis

an economic/financial crisis

The country's leadership is in crisis.

We had a family crisis at the time.

deficit noun /ˈdef.ɪ.sɪt/ [C] (költségvetési) hiány, deficit

a budget deficit

depression noun /dɪˈpreʃ.ən/ [C or U] 2 (gazdasági) válság

The stock market crash marked the start of a severe depression.

expenditure noun /ɪkˈspen.dɪ.tʃər/ [U] (formal) (pénz) kiadás

The government's annual expenditure on arms has been reduced.

expense noun /ɪkˈspents/ [C or U] ráfordítás; költség

Buying a bigger car has proved to be well worth the expense.

We've just had a new garage built at great expense.

It's silly to go to the expense of buying new clothes when you don't really need them.

You have to pay/cover your own medical expenses.

loss noun /lɒs/ 3 (anyagi) veszteség [C]

The company announced a pre-tax loss of three million pounds.

margin noun /ˈmɑː.dʒɪn/ [C] 3 fedezet, árrés, margin

Higher fuel prices have reduced our margins.

profit noun /ˈprɒf.ɪt/ [C or U] profit, haszon, nyereség

The company made a huge profit on the deal.

Company profits are down on last year's figures.

He sold his house at a huge profit.

recession noun /rɪˈseʃ.ən/ [C or U] visszaesés, recesszió (gazdasági)

The latest report confirms that the economy is in recession.

The country is now in the deepest recession for over 40 years.

revenue noun /ˈrev.ən.juː/ [U] also: revenues (vállalati, állami) jövedelem

Revenue was up in the last quarter.

spending noun /ˈspen.dɪŋ/ [U] kiadás, költekezés (államé/szervezeté)

government spending on health

spending cuts

surplus noun /ˈsɜːp.ləs/ [C or U] többlet (termelési, költségvetési, stb.); felesleg

Every year we produce a huge surplus of meat.

bankrupt adjective /ˈbæŋk.rʌpt/ tönkrement (csődbe ment)

He went bankrupt after only a year in business.

depressed adjective /dɪˈprest/ 2 nyomott, pangó (forgalom, gazdasági helyzet)

an economically depressed area

lucrative adjective /ˈluː.krə.tɪv/ nagy hasznot hozó (munka, üzlet, stb.)

a lucrative contract/job/offer

profitable adjective /ˈprɒf.ɪ.tə.bl̩/ 1 jövedelmező

Over the years it has developed into a highly profitable business.

Phrasal verbs:

close down ↔ (sth) /kləʊz/ végleg bezár/bezárat (nem működik tovább)

All the mines in this area were closed down in the 80s.

Our local butcher is closing down.

shut down ↔ (sth) /ʃʌt/ 2 véglegesen bezár; felszámol (üzemet, gyárat, stb.)

The company plans to shut down four factories and cut 10 000 jobs.

Phrases and idioms:

a handsome profit/sum, etc. tekintélyes/szép nyereség/összeg/stb.

They made a handsome profit on the sale of their house.

break even nullszaldót ér el

The company only managed to break even this year.

stand to gain/lose sth nyereség/veszteség előtt áll

He stands to gain a fortune if the company is sold.

8. lecke (A1) – 20. lecke (A2) – 45. lecke (B1) – 74. lecke (B2) – 95. lecke (C1) – 115. lecke (C2)