8. Gond, nyugalom A1C2 (133) – altémák

1. Gond, szenvedés (57) 2. Idegesség, nyugtalanság (43) 3. Nyugalom, megnyugvás (33)

bear verb /beər/ *(bore, borne) 1 visel, elvisel, tűr, eltűr; kibír, kiáll; elszenved [T]

I like her but I can't bear her friends.

I can't bear being bored.

He couldn't bear to see the dog in pain.

How can you bear to talk to him?

bother verb /ˈbɒð.ər/ 1 zavar vkit, terhére van vkinek [T]

I'm sorry to bother you, but could you direct me to the station?

I didn't want to bother her with work matters on her day off.

embarrass verb /ɪmˈbær.əs/ [T] zavarba/kínos helyzetbe hoz

My dad's always embarrassing me in front of my friends.

endure verb /ɪnˈdjʊər/ [T] elvisel; tart, kitart

We had to endure a nine-hour delay at the airport.

She's already had to endure three painful operations on her leg.

haunt verb /hɔːnt/ [T] 2 kísért (rossz emlék/érzés) (!)

Fighting in Vietnam was an experience that would haunt him for the rest of his life.

Thirty years after the fire he is still haunted by images of death and destruction.

mind verb /maɪnd/ 1 bán vki vmit; zavar vkit vmi (főleg kérdő és tagadó mondatokban) [I or T]

Would she mind if I came too?

Take Juan's book - I'm sure he wouldn't mind.

I don't mind driving.

I don't mind taking her if you're too busy.

Do you mind me smoking?

I'd prefer to stay in tonight, if you don't mind.

sacrifice verb /ˈsæk.rɪ.faɪs/ feláldoz vmit vmiért (lemond vmiről); (állat-) áldozatot mutat be [T]

Many women sacrifice interesting careers for their family.

spoil verb /spɔɪl/ [T] *(spoiled or spoilt, spoiled or spoilt) 1 elront (látványt, szórakozást, estét, étvágyat, stb.)

He tried not to let the bad news spoil his evening.

I haven't seen the film, so don't spoil it for me by telling me what happens.

You'll spoil your appetite for dinner if you have a cake now.

stand verb /stænd/ *(stood, stood) 4 elvisel vmit [T]

She couldn't stand the pressures of the job.

The pain was more than he could stand.

suffer verb /ˈsʌf.ər/ 1 szenved (testileg/lelkileg) [I]

She really suffers in the winter when it's cold and her joints get stiff.

I think he suffered quite a lot when his wife left him.

If you're not happy with it, you should complain. Don't just suffer in silence.

suffer verb /ˈsʌf.ər/ 2 szenved, elszenved vmit; kárt szenved, romlik [I or T]

The party suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.

Twenty-five policemen suffered minor injuries during the protest.

The city suffered another blow last month with the closure of the local car factory.

If you will insist on eating three helpings of dessert, I'm afraid you'll have to suffer the consequences!

When you're working such long hours, it's almost inevitable that your marriage will start to suffer.

swallow verb /ˈswɒl.əʊ/ 2 lenyel vmit (átv.) (elfogad vmi kellemetlen dolgot) [T]

They found the final decision hard to swallow.

burden noun /ˈbɜː.dən/ [C] teher, megterhelés (átv.) (nehézség, kellemetlenség, stb.)

the burden of responsibility

I'd hate to be a burden to you when I'm older.

discomfort noun /dɪˈskʌm.fət/ 3 feszélyezettség [U]

I could see that the talk of divorce was causing her some discomfort.

embarrassment noun /ɪmˈbær.ə.smənt/ [C or U] feszengés, zavar; zavaró tényező

She blushed with embarrassment.

My parents were such an embarrassment to me.

liability noun /ˌlaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ 2 tehertétel (gond/problémák/bajok forrása) [no plural]

Wherever we go she upsets someone - she's a real liability.

misery noun /ˈmɪz.ər.i/ [C or U] nyomor, nyomorúság, gyötrelem

The war brought misery to millions of people.

We have witnessed the most appalling scenes of human misery.

Ten years of marriage to him have made her life a misery.

nuisance noun /ˈnjuː.sənts/ [C usually no plural] kellemetlenkedő (ember); nyűg; háborgatás

I've forgotten my umbrella - what a nuisance!

It's such a nuisance having to rewrite those letters.

I hate to be a nuisance, but could you help me?

Local residents claimed that the noise was causing a public nuisance.

ordeal noun /ɔːˈdɪəl/ [C] megpróbáltatás

The hostages' ordeal came to an end when soldiers stormed the building.

They feared he would not survive the ordeal.

She went through the ordeal of being interviewed by a panel of ten people.

pain noun /peɪn/ 2 fájdalom (átv.) (érzelmi) [U]

I can't describe the pain I suffered when he died.

The parents are still in great pain over the death of their child.

sacrifice noun /ˈsæk.rɪ.faɪs/ [C or U] áldozat (lemondás vmiről/a feláldozott dolog)

We had to make sacrifices in order to pay for our children's education.

They cared for their disabled son for 27 years, at great personal sacrifice.

suffering noun /ˈsʌf.ər.ɪŋ/ [U] szenvedés

The war will cause widespread human suffering.

torture noun /ˈtɔː.tʃər/ [U] 1 kínlódás, gyötrelem (nagyon kellemetlen/unalmas dolog) (!)

I had to sit there listening to her for two whole hours - it was torture!

awkward adjective /ˈɔː.kwəd/ 1 kínos, nehéz, kellemetlen; alkalmatlan (pl. időpont)

an awkward customer

Some of the questions were rather awkward.

My car's quite awkward to drive.

They'd chosen an awkward time to call as I'd just got into the bath.

She's put me in quite an awkward position/situation.

There was an awkward silence.

embarrassed adjective /ɪmˈbær.əst/ feszélyezett, zavart

She felt embarrassed about undressing in front of the doctor.

I was too embarrassed to admit that I was scared.

embarrassing adjective /ɪmˈbær.ə.sɪŋ/ kínos, kellemetlen, zavaró

an embarrassing situation

It's embarrassing to be caught telling a lie.

What has been your most embarrassing moment?

fed up adjective /ˌfedˈʌp/ [never before noun] (informal) elege van vmiből

I'm fed up with my job.

He got fed up with all the travelling he had to do.

hostile adjective /ˈhɒs.taɪl/ 2 ellenséges (zord, barátságtalan) (körülmény, éghajlat, stb.)

a hostile climate

They live and work in very hostile conditions.

intolerable adjective /ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bl̩/ elviselhetetlen

an intolerable situation

The constant fighting made life at home intolerable.

painful adjective /ˈpeɪn.fəl/ 2 fájdalmas (átv.) (érzelmileg)

The old photograph brought back painful memories.

rough adjective /rʌf/ 4 durva, kemény, nehéz (pl. időszak)

She's having a rough time at work.

self-conscious adjective /ˌselfˈkɒn.ʃəs/ feszélyezett, zavart

He looked uncomfortable, like a self-conscious adolescent who's gone to the wrong party.

troublesome adjective /ˈtrʌb.l.səm/ zavaró, kellemetlen, nehéz (sok problémát okozó)

a troublesome knee injury

unbearable adjective /ʌnˈbeə.rə.bl̩/ elviselhetetlen (kibírhatatlan, tűrhetetlen)

The heat was almost unbearable.

uncomfortable adjective /ʌnˈkʌmpf.tə.bl̩/ 2 kínos (feszélyezett, zavart) (pl. csend)

an uncomfortable silence

unpleasant adjective /ʌnˈplez.ənt/ 1 kellemetlen (szag, tapasztalat, meglepetés, stb.)

an unpleasant experience/smell

uncomfortably adverb /ʌnˈkʌmpf.tə.bli/ kellemetlenül; kínosan

I was warm but not uncomfortably so.

Phrasal verbs:

catch up with sb /kætʃ/ 2 utolér vkit (kezd problémát okozni) (vmi amit korábban tett/átélt)

I can feel the stress of the last few weeks beginning to catch up with me.

put up with sth/sb /pʊt/ eltűr, elvisel vmit/vkit

I can put up with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.

He's so rude - I don't know how she puts up with him.

saddle sb with sth /ˈsæd.l/ megterhel vkit vmivel (munkával, nehézségekkel, stb.)

We're saddled with a lot of debt.

not stand for sth /stænd/ nem tűr el (viselkedést, helyzetet)

I wouldn't stand for that sort of behaviour from him, if I were you.

Phrases and idioms:

a slap in the face pofon (átv.) (nagy kellemetlenség)

After all that hard work, losing my job was a real slap in the face.

be a pain kellemetlen (személy, dolog, esemény) (informal)

Having to keep the bikes in the house is such a pain.

My sister was being a real pain.

be a pain in the neck kellemetlen (személy, dolog, esemény) (informal)

My brother can be a real pain in the neck sometimes.

be hard on sb kemény, nehéz vki számára

Our divorce has been particularly hard on the children.

be sick of sth torkig van vmivel (informal)

I'm sick of people telling me how to run my life.

can't face sb/sth/doing sth nem tud szembenézni vmivel/vkivel (nehézséggel, kellemetlenséggel, stb.)

I can't face walking up all those steps again.

I knew someone had to tell her but I couldn't face it.

How can I face him now that he knows what I've done?

can't take sth nem képes elviselni/eltűrni vmit

We argue all the time and I can't take it any more.

for the best legjobb ami tehető/történhet (a jövőt tekintve)

Divorce is always painful, but it really was for the best.

freedom from sth mentesség vmitől (kellemetlen dologtól) (fájdalom, félelem, szegénység, stb.)

freedom from fear/poverty

get rid of sth megszabadul vmitől (vmi kellemetlen dolognak vége szakad)

I can't seem to get rid of this headache.

grin and bear it jó képet vág hozzá, mosolyogva tűr vmit

I hate my job, but I'm just going to have to grin and bear it for a while.

have had enough elege van (vmiből/abból, hogy ...)

I've had enough of your excuses.

ill at ease kényelmetlenül/kínosan/zavarban

I always felt very ill at ease in his company.

make the best of sth jó képet vág (vmi rosszhoz)

Our hotel room is rather small, but we'll just have to make the best of it.

pay the price megfizeti az árát vminek (viseli a következményeit vminek)

If you abuse your body now, you'll pay the price when you're older.

put sb on the spot zavarba hoz

Sorry to put you on the spot, but I really need an answer.

Kommunikációs szándékok: Kifogás, panasz, rosszkedv – Fájdalom, kimerültség, szenvedés – Megnyugtatás, megkönnyebbülés – Sajnálkozás, részvét

7. lecke (A1) – 19. lecke (A2) – 42. lecke (B1) – 69. lecke (B2) – 92. lecke (C1) – 112. lecke (C2)